IBM 12.1(22)EA6 Manual de usuario Pagina 2
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Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the general information in Appendix C, “Getting Help and Technical Assistance” and Appendix D,
“Notices.”
First Edition (October 2005)
© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2005. All rights reserved.
US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
- Software Configuration Guide 1
- “Notices.” 2
- First Edition (October 2005) 2
- CONTENTS 3
- 9 Configuring STP 9-1 8
- 10 Configuring MSTP 10-1 9
- 12 Configuring VLANs 12-1 10
- Contents 11
- 13 Configuring VTP 13-1 12
- 16 Configuring UDLD 16-1 14
- 17 Configuring CDP 17-1 14
- 19 Configuring RMON 19-1 15
- 21 Configuring SNMP 21-1 16
- 23 Configuring QoS 23-1 17
- 25 Troubleshooting 25-1 19
- A Supported MIBs A-1 19
- D Notices D-1 21
- Audience 23
- Conventions 24
- Related Publications 25
- Performance 27
- Manageability 28
- Redundancy 29
- VLAN Support 30
- Security 30
- Monitoring 31
- Management Interface Options 32
- Chapter 1 Overview 33
- Where to Go Next 34
- Cisco IOS Command Modes 35
- • Change terminal 36
- • Perform basic tests 36
- • Display system 36
- Getting Help 37
- Abbreviating Commands 38
- Understanding CLI Messages 39
- Using Command History 39
- Recalling Commands 40
- Accessing the CLI 43
- Default Switch Information 46
- Assigning Switch Information 47
- Default Boot Configuration 51
- • reload in [hh:]mm [text] 55
- Administering the Switch 57
- • User show commands 58
- Configuring NTP 59
- Default NTP Configuration 60
- Configuring NTP Associations 61
- Setting the System Clock 66
- Configuring the Time Zone 67
- Configuring a System Name 70
- Understanding DNS 70
- Default DNS Configuration 71
- Setting Up DNS 71
- Default Banner Configuration 72
- Configuring a Login Banner 74
- Building the Address Table 75
- MAC Addresses and VLANs 75
- Managing the ARP Table 80
- Understanding TACACS+ 89
- TACACS+ Operation 91
- Configuring TACACS+ 91
- Default TACACS+ Configuration 92
- Starting TACACS+ Accounting 96
- Understanding RADIUS 97
- RADIUS Operation 98
- Configuring RADIUS 99
- Default RADIUS Configuration 99
- Defining AAA Server Groups 104
- Starting RADIUS Accounting 107
- Authorization 111
- Understanding SSH 112
- Configuration Guidelines 113
- Limitations 113
- Configuring SSH 113
- Configuring the SSH Server 115
- Authentication 117
- Device Roles 118
- Figure 6-2 Message Exchange 120
- IEEE 802.1x Accounting 121
- IEEE 802.1x Host Mode 122
- Wireless clients 123
- Access point 123
- (RADIUS) 123
- Unidirectional State 126
- Bidirectional State 126
- Changing the Quiet Period 133
- Configuring the Host Mode 136
- Configuring a Guest VLAN 136
- Understanding Interface Types 143
- Access Ports 144
- Trunk Ports 144
- Port-Based VLANs 145
- EtherChannel Port Groups 145
- Using the Interface Command 146
- Configuring Smartports Macros 159
- Creating Smartports Macros 162
- Applying Smartports Macros 163
- Displaying Smartports Macros 166
- Configuring STP 167
- STP Overview 168
- Blocking State 171
- Listening State 172
- Learning State 172
- Forwarding State 172
- Disabled State 173
- STP and IEEE 802.1Q Trunks 176
- Switch Modules 177
- Disabling Spanning Tree 180
- Configuring the Root Switch 181
- Configuring the Port Priority 183
- Configuring the Path Cost 185
- Configuring the Hello Time 187
- Configuring MSTP 191
- IST, CIST, and CST 192
- Understanding MSTP 193
- Hop Count 194
- Understanding RSTP 195
- Rapid Convergence 196
- Synchronization of Port Roles 197
- Table 10-2 RSTP BPDU Flags 198
- Topology Changes 199
- Configuring MSTP Features 200
- Default MSTP Configuration 201
- MSTP Configuration Guidelines 201
- Understanding Port Fast 214
- Understanding BPDU Guard 215
- Understanding BPDU Filtering 215
- Understanding UplinkFast 216
- Understanding BackboneFast 217
- Blocked port 219
- Understanding Root Guard 220
- Understanding Loop Guard 221
- Enabling Port Fast 222
- Enabling BPDU Guard 223
- Enabling BPDU Filtering 224
- Enabling BackboneFast 226
- Enabling EtherChannel Guard 227
- Enabling Root Guard 227
- Enabling Loop Guard 228
- Configuring VLANs 231
- Supported VLANs 232
- VLAN Port Membership Modes 233
- Token Ring VLANs 235
- Saving VLAN Configuration 237
- Deleting a VLAN 240
- Default VLAN Configuration 242
- Displaying VLANs 243
- Trunking Overview 244
- Configuring VLAN Trunks 245
- Configuring a Trunk Port 248
- Load Sharing Using STP 252
- Configuring VMPS 255
- Understanding VMPS 256
- Dynamic Port VLAN Membership 256
- VMPS Configuration Guidelines 257
- Configuring the VMPS Client 258
- Reconfirming VLAN Memberships 259
- Changing the Retry Count 260
- Monitoring the VMPS 260
- VMPS Configuration Example 261
- Switch 3 262
- Switch 2 262
- Switch 1 262
- Configuring VTP 263
- The VTP Domain 264
- VTP Modes 265
- VTP Advertisements 265
- VTP Version 2 266
- VTP Pruning 266
- Understanding VTP 267
- Default VTP Configuration 268
- VTP Configuration Options 269
- VTP Configuration Guidelines 270
- Domain Names 270
- Passwords 270
- VTP Version 270
- Configuration Requirements 271
- Configuring a VTP Server 271
- Configuring a VTP Client 272
- Enabling VTP Version 2 274
- Enabling VTP Pruning 275
- Monitoring VTP 277
- IGMP Versions 280
- Joining a Multicast Group 281
- Understanding IGMP Snooping 282
- Leaving a Multicast Group 283
- Immediate-Leave Processing 284
- IGMP Report Suppression 284
- Source-Only Networks 285
- Configuring IGMP Snooping 286
- Setting the Snooping Method 287
- Configuring the Aging Time 292
- Configuring MVR 295
- Default MVR Configuration 296
- Configuring MVR Interfaces 298
- Displaying MVR Information 299
- Configuring IGMP Profiles 301
- Applying IGMP Profiles 302
- Understanding Storm Control 307
- Configuring Storm Control 308
- Configuring Protected Ports 309
- Understanding Port Security 310
- Secure MAC Addresses 311
- Security Violations 311
- Configuring Port Security 314
- Modes of Operation 319
- Understanding UDLD 320
- Default UDLD Configuration 322
- Enabling UDLD Globally 323
- Enabling UDLD on an Interface 324
- Displaying UDLD Status 325
- Configuring CDP 327
- Default CDP Configuration 328
- Disabling and Enabling CDP 329
- Configuring SPAN and RSPAN 333
- Understanding SPAN and RSPAN 334
- SPAN Session 335
- Traffic Types 335
- Source Port 336
- Destination Port 336
- Reflector Port 337
- SPAN Traffic 337
- SPAN and RSPAN Session Limits 339
- SPAN Configuration Guidelines 339
- Configuring SPAN 340
- Configuring RSPAN 344
- EXEC command 349
- Configuring RMON 351
- Default RMON Configuration 353
- Displaying RMON Status 356
- System Log Message Format 358
- Synchronizing Log Messages 362
- Configuring SNMP 369
- SNMP Versions 370
- SNMP Manager Functions 371
- SNMP Agent Functions 371
- SNMP Community Strings 372
- SNMP Notifications 372
- Default SNMP Configuration 373
- SNMP Configuration Guidelines 374
- Disabling the SNMP Agent 374
- Configuring Community Strings 375
- SNMP Examples 382
- Displaying SNMP Status 383
- Understanding ACLs 386
- Server A (R&D) 387
- Server B (R&D) 387
- Server C (HR) 387
- Unsupported Features 390
- ACL Numbers 391
- Configuring ACLs 392
- Layer 4 Parameters 394
- Applying Time Ranges to ACLs 398
- Creating MAC Access Groups 402
- Displaying ACLs 404
- Displaying Access Groups 405
- Cisco router 406
- Workstation 406
- Internet 406
- Numbered ACL Examples 407
- Extended ACL Examples 407
- Named ACL Example 407
- Configuring QoS 409
- Understanding QoS 410
- Basic QoS Model 411
- Classification 412
- Policing and Marking 414
- Mapping Tables 415
- Queueing and Scheduling 415
- How Class of Service Works 415
- Port Priority 415
- Port Scheduling 416
- Egress CoS Queues 416
- Configuring Auto-QoS 417
- Enabling Auto-QoS for VoIP 420
- • show mls qos 421
- • show mls qos map cos-dscp 421
- • show wrr-queue bandwidth 421
- • show wrr-queue cos-map 421
- Configuring Standard QoS 425
- Configuring Trusted Boundary 428
- Enabling Pass-Through Mode 430
- Configuring a QoS Policy 431
- Configuring CoS Maps 439
- Configuring the Egress Queues 442
- Configuring WRR Priority 443
- Failover 449
- Understanding EtherChannels 450
- Channel-group 451
- Physical ports 451
- PAgP and LACP Modes 452
- Exchanging PAgP Packets 452
- Exchanging LACP Packets 453
- EtherChannel On Mode 454
- BladeCenter 455
- EtherChannel 455
- Configuring EtherChannels 456
- Configuring Hot Standby Ports 461
- Troubleshooting 467
- Using Ping 474
- Understanding Ping 474
- Executing Ping 474
- Using Layer 2 Traceroute 475
- Usage Guidelines 475
- Displaying the Physical Path 476
- Using Debug Commands 477
- Switch# debug all 478
- Using the crashinfo File 479
- Supported MIBs 481
- MIB List 482
- APPENDIX 485
- Copying Files 489
- Deleting Files 490
- Creating a tar File 490
- Extracting a tar File 491
- Working with Software Images 503
- Image Location on the Switch 504
- Before You Call 517
- Using the Documentation 518
- Software Service and Support 518
- Hardware Service and Support 518
- Edition Notice 520
- Trademarks 520
- Appendix D Notices 521
- Numerics 523
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